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Glossary / Dictionary of Electronics Terms -  E

E-core - Laminated form in the shape of the letter "E", onto which inductors and transformers are wound.

eddy currents - Currents induced into a conducting core due to the changing magnetic field. Eddy currents produce heat which is a loss of power and lowers the efficiency of an inductor.

efficiency - The amount of power delivered to the load of an amplifier as a percentage of the power required from the power supply.

electric charge - Electric energy stored on the surface of a material. Also known as a static charge.

electric field - A field or force that exists in the space between two different potentials or voltages. Also known as an electrostatic field.

electricity - Science states that certain particles possess a force field or charge. The charge possessed by an electron is negative while the charge possessed by a proton is positive. Electricity can be divided into two groups, static and dynamic. Static electricity deals with charges at rest and dynamic electricity deals with charges in motion.

electric polarization - A displacement of bound charges in a dielectric when placed in an electric field.

electro acoustic transducer - Device that produces an energy transfer from electric to acoustic (sound) or from acoustic to electric. Examples include a microphone, earphones and loudspeakers.

electroluminescence - Conversion of electrical energy into light energy.

electrolyte - Electrically conducting liquid (wet) or paste (dry)

electrolytic capacitor - A capacitor having an electrolyte between the two plates. A thin layer of oxide is deposited on only the positive plate. The oxide acts as the dielectric for the capacitor. Electrolytic capacitors are polarized and so must be connected in correct polarity to prevent breakdown.

electromagnet - A coil of wire usually wound on a soft iron or steel core. When current is passed through the coil a magnetic field is generated. The core provides an easy path for the magnetic lines of force. This concentrates the field in the core.

electromagnetic communication - Use of an electromagnetic wave to pass information between two points. Also called wireless communication.

electromagnetic induction - Voltage produced in a coil due to relative motion between the coil and magnetic lines of force.

electromagnetic spectrum - List or diagram showing the range of electromagnetic radiation.

electromagnetic wave - Wave that consists of both electric and magnetic variation.

electromagnetism -Relates to the magnetic field generated around a conductor when current is passed through it.

electromechanical transducer - Device that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy (electric motor) or mechanical energy into electrical energy (generator).

electromotive force - (emf) Force that causes the motion of electrons due to potential difference between two points. (voltage)

electron - Smallest sub atomic particle of negative charge that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

electron flow -Electrical current produced by the movement of free electrons towards a positive terminal.

electrostatic - Related to static electric charge.

electrostatic field - Force field produced by static electrical charges.

emitter - The semiconductor region from which charge carriers are injected into the base of a bipolar junction transistor.

emitter feedback - Coupling from the emitter output to the base input of a bipolar junction transistor.

emitter follower - A common collector amplifier. Has a high current gain, high input impedance and low output impedance.

energized - Being electrically connected to a voltage source so the device is activated.

energy - Capacity to do work.

engineering notation - A floating point system in which numbers are expressed as products consisting of a number greater than one multiplied by an appropriate power of ten that is some multiple of three.

enhancement-mode MOSFET - A field effect transistor in which there are no charge carriers in the channel when the gate source voltage is zero.

equivalent resistance - Total resistance of all the individual resistances in a circuit.

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